International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Volume 89 , Pages S1-S6 , April 2005

New evidence on birth spacing: promising findings for improving newborn, infant, child, and maternal health

References 

  1. Millennium Development Goals. Available at: http://www.developmentgoals.org. Accessed January 12, 2004.
  2. Black R, Morris S, Bryce J. Where and why are 10 million children dying every year? Child survival I. Lancet. 2003;361:2226–2234[Available at: http://www.thelancet.com/journal/vol361/iss9376/child_survival. Accessed Jan 10, 2004]
  3. Jones G, Steketee RW, Black RE, Bhutta ZA, Morris SS Bellagio Child Survival Study Group. How many child deaths can we prevent this year? Child survival II. Lancet. 2003;362:69
  4. Jansen W, Cobb L. USAID birth spacing programmatic review: an assessment of country-level programs, communications and training materials, POPTECH, June, 2004.
  5. Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM. Maternal morbidity and mortality associated with interpregnancy interval: cross sectional study. Br. Med. J. 2000;321(7271):1255–1259
  6. Rutstein SO. Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant, and under-five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys, included in this supplement.
  7. Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM, Norton M, Rosas-Bermudez A. Effect of the interpregnancy interval on perinatal death and other adverse outcomes in Latin America; 2004 [in press].
  8. http://www.fhi.org/NR/rdonlyres/etefkqbtrn4ovxgs2vb6u43ft3pusoz62l662r2dngcx2y6pf7y6ue7v76sa5uflg2xbse4esw6xnd/Darroch.pdf accessed December 13, 2004.
  9. Fuentes-Affleck E, Hessol NA. Interpregnancy interval and the risk of premature infants. Obstet. Gynecol. 2000;95:383–390[See also]Zhu BP, Rolfs RT, Nangle BE, Horan JM. Effect of the interval between pregnancies on perinatal outcomes. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999;340:589–594Zhu BP, Haines KM, Le T, McGrath-Miller K, Boulton ML. Effect of interval between pregnancies on perinatal outcomes among white and black women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2001;185:1403–1410Smith G, Pell J, Dobbier R. Interpregnancy interval and risk of preterm birth and neonatal death: retrospective cohort study. Br. Med. J. 2003;7410:313–318
  10. ACC/SCN . Low birthweight: report of a meeting in Dhaka, Bangladesh on June 14–17 1999. In:  Pojda J,  Kelley L editor. Nutrition Policy Paper. vol. 18:Geneva: ACC/SCN; 2000;in collaboration with ICDDR, B
  11. Ibid.
  12. Conde-Agudelo, Belizan; 2000.
  13. Setty-Venugopal V, Upadhyay UD. Birth spacing: three to five saves lives. Population reports, series L, No. 13. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Population Information Program, Summer 2002.
  14. Ibid.
  15. Ross JA, Winfrey W. Contraceptive use, intention to use, and unmet need during the extended postpartum period. Int. Fam. Plann. Perspect. 2001;27(1):20–27
  16. Rafalimanana H, Westoff C. Potential effects on fertility and child health and survival of birth-spacing preferences in Sub-Saharan Africa. Stud. Fam. Plann. 2000;31:99–123
  17. Jansen, Cobb; 2004.
  18. CATALYST Consortium, Focus Group Studies, Egypt, India, Peru, Bolivia and Pakistan, 2002–3, Washington, DC. India, Peru and Bolivia studies available at: http://www.rhcatalyst.org/publications. Accessed Jan 12, 2004.

PII: S0020-7292(04)00500-4

doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.12.012

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Volume 89 , Pages S1-S6 , April 2005