International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 234-242 , September 2006

Universal reporting of maternal mortality: An achievable goal?

  • W.J. Graham

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 1224 553924/555850; fax: +44 1224 555704.
  • ,
  • J. Hussein

      Affiliations

    • Tel.: +44 1224 554474/559958; fax: +44 1224 555704.

References 

  1. World Health Organization . In: The world health report 2005. Make every mother and child count. Geneva: WHO; 2005;p. 11
  2. Sachs JD, McArthur JW. The Millennium Project: a plan for meeting the Millennium Development Goals. Lancet. 2005;365:347–353
  3. Johansson C, Stewart D. The Millennium Development Goals: commitments and prospects. Human Development Report Office Working Papers and Notes: Working Paper No 1. New York: UNDP. 2002.
  4. Graham W, Campbell O. The measurement trap. Soc Sci Med. 1992;35:967–976
  5. Freedman LP, Wirth M, Waldman R, Chowdhury MR, Rosenfield A. Background paper of the Task Force on Child Health and Maternal Health. Millennium Project; 2003, April 18. Accessed at: http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/tf04apr18.pdf. October 10 2005.
  6. Lewis G. Confidential enquiries into maternal deaths. In: World Health Organization. Beyond the numbers: reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: WHO; 2004;p. 77–102
  7. Bullough C, Graham WJ. Facility-based maternal deaths review: learning from deaths occurring in health facilities. In: World Health Organization. Beyond the numbers: reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: WHO; 2004;p. 57–76
  8. Department for International Development . How to reduce maternal deaths: rights and responsibilities. London: DFID; 2005 [February];
  9. Parkhurst JO, Penn-Kekana L, Blaauw D, Balabanova D, Danishevski K, Rahman SA, et al. Health systems factors influencing maternal health services: a four-country comparison. Health Policy. 2005;73:127–138
  10. Alexander S, Wildman K, Zhang W, Langer M, Vutuc C, Lindmark G. Maternal health outcomes in Europe. Eur J Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Biol. 2003;111:S78–S87
  11. http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/publications/maternal_mortality_2000/ Accessed: 10 October 2005.
  12. Loudon I. Death in childbirth. An international study of maternal care and maternal mortality 1800–1950. Oxford: OUP; 1992;
  13. Graham WJ. Now or never: the case for measuring maternal mortality. Lancet. 2002;359:701–704
  14. http://www.unstats.un.org/unsd/mi/pdf/MDG%20Chart%20Sept.pdf. Accessed: 10 October 2005.
  15. Graham WJ, Hussein J. The right to count. Lancet. 2004;363:67–68
  16. Van Lerberghe W, De Brouwere V. Of blind alleys and things that have worked: history's lessons on reducing maternal mortality. In:  De Brouwere D,  Van Lerberghe W editor. Safe motherhood strategies: a review of the evidence. Studies in Health Service Organisation and Policy. vol. 17:2001;p. 7–34
  17. Pakenham-Walsh N, Priestly C, Smith R. Meeting the information needs of health workers in developing countries. BMJ. 1997;314:90
  18. AbouZahr C, Wardlaw T. Maternal mortality at the end of a decade: signs of progress?. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79:
  19. Freedman L, Waldman R, de Pinho H, Wirth ME, Chowdhury MR, Rosenfield A. Who's got the power? Transforming health systems for women and children. UN Millennium Project. Task force on child health and maternal health. New York: Millennium Project; 2005;
  20. Berg CJ, Bruce FC, Callaghan WM. From mortality to morbidity: the challenge of the twenty-first century. JAMWA. 2002;57:173–174
  21. Reniers G, Araya T, Schaap A, Kumie A, Kebede D, Nagelkerke N, et al. Monitoring cause-specific adult mortality in developing countries: a comparison of data sources for Addis Ababa and its implications for policy and research. Soc Sci Med. 2005;61:1952–1957
  22. Graham W, Fitzmaurice AE, Bell JS, Cairns JA. The familial technique for linking maternal death and poverty. Lancet. 2004;363:23–27
  23. Graham W. The global problem of maternal mortality: inequalities and inequities. In:  MacLean AB,  Neilson JP editor. Maternal morbidity and mortality. London: RCOG; 2002;
  24. Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt . National maternal mortality study 2000. vol. 2. Cairo: MHP; 2001;
  25. MacKay AP, Rochat R, Smith SC, Berg CJ. The check box. Determining pregnancy status to improve maternal mortality surveillance. Am J Prev Med. 2000;19:35–39
  26. Bicego G, Boerma JT, Ronsmans C. The effect of AIDS on maternal mortality in Malawi and Zimbabwe. AIDS. 2002;16:1078–1081
  27. Pathmanathan I, Liljestrand J, Martins JM, Rajapaksa LC, Lissner C, de Silva A, et al. Investing in maternal health learning from Malaysia and Sri Lanka. Washington, DC: The World Bank Washington; 2003;
  28. UNDP . Malaysia — achieving the millennium development goals successes and challenges. Kuala Lumpur: United Nations Country Team; 2005;
  29. Sivalingam N. Maternal health care at the crossroads. Med J Malaysia. 2003;58(1):1–4
  30. Suleiman AB, Mathews A, Jegasothy R, Ali R, Kandiah N. A strategy for reducing maternal mortality. Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77:190–193
  31. Jegasothy R. Sudden maternal deaths in Malaysia: a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2002;28(4):186–193
  32. Ariff KM, Teng CL. Rural health care in Malaysia. Aust J Rural Health. 2002;10:99–103

PII: S0020-7292(06)00154-8

doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.04.004

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 234-242 , September 2006